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STEAM BOILER.

No.333,956. Patented Jan; 5, l886.

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STEAM BOILER.

Patented Jan. 5, 1886..

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STEAM BOILER- No. 333,956. Patented Jan. 5, 1886.

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STEAM BOILER.

Patented Jan. 5, 1886.

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5 SheetsSheet 5. 0. A. KNIGHT.

STEAM BOILER.

(N0 Model.)

. No. 333,956.- Patented Jan. 5, 1886.

INVENTEJR 54/. J 5% \NITNE 5555 IINiTED STATES PATENT @rrrcn.

CHARLES A. KNIGHT, OF GLASGOW, COUNTY OF LANARK, SCOTLAND.

STEAM-BOILER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 333,956, dated-Tannery 5, 1886.

Application filed April 8, 1885. Serial No. 161,564.

(No model.) Patented in England September 9, 1884, No. 12,189; in France September 24, 1884, No. 164,468; in Germany September 24, 1884, No. 32,241, and in Belgium September 25, 1884, No. 66,415.

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, CHARLES ALBERT KNIGHT, a citizen of the United States of America, and residing at Glasgow, in the county of Lanai-k, Scotland, have invented certain Improvements in Steam -Boilers, of which the following is a specification.

This invention consists of improvements in the construction of steam-boilers of the water tube kind, in which a series of tubes may be employed connected with each other at the ends by means of headers, and these in turn to an intermediate water-box and an upper vessel or drum.

The accompanying drawings illustrate several modifications of my improvements as applied to water-tube boilers.

Figure l is a sectional elevation of such a boiler, in which the drum, instead of being connected directly to the headers, as usual, is connected at both ends through a novel arrangement of watenbox. Fig. 2 is a sectional elevation of parts of the same boiler. Fig. 3 is atransverse vertical section; Fig. 4., a longitudinal vertical section, and Fig. 5 is a plan view showing to a larger scale the mode of arranging this water-box to connect the drum and the headers. Fig. 6 is a sectional elevation of part of a boiler, showing an improved construction of header connected to the drum by the waterbox. Figs. 7 and 8 are respectively an end elevation and a plan illustrating these improved headers. Figs. 9 and 10 are side and end elevations (the former partly in section) of an improved form of header shown connect ed direct to the drum at the front of the boiler. Figs. 11 and 12 are elevations at right angles to each other; and Fig. 13 is a plan of a similar form of section adapted to serve as the rear header of the same boiler, to which it is connected through a water-box. Fig. 14 illustrates a modification in which a header of improved construction is connected to a castiron drum end.

In constructing an improved water tube boiler according to the modification of my invention illustrated in Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5, I interpose between the drum A and the end pieces or headers, B, to which the water-tubes O are connected, at water-box, D, of iron or steel, which I connect to the end of the drum by a number of short horizontal tubes, d, which are expanded into orifices in the end of the drum and in the Water-box. I prefer to use this mode of connecting the box to the drum instead of the usual riveted flanges, although the latter may be employed as well. The water-box D extends across the end of the drum A at each end and over the top of the end sections or headers, B, to the full breadth of the transverse row of tubes 0, and it is connected to the individual sections or headers by separate vertical or inclined tubes b, which are expanded into orifices in the upper ends of the headers and into corresponding orifices in the lower side of the water-box. In the top of side opposite the vertical and horizontal connecting-tubes b d openings d d may be formed in the water-box D, through which suitable expanding mandrels or tools may be passed to secure the tubes 1) d in place, and such openings are afterward closed with plugs or caps.

Instead of making the ends of the steam and water drum A of cast metal, in the usual way, I prefer to form them of single plates A of steel or Wrought-iron, which are dished out and riveted to the cylindrical shell A of the drum,

and on the outside of the dished ends A, I rivet suitable supportinghooks, a, by which the drum may be suspended to the carrying-girder, which is usually provided.

Figs. 6, 7, and 8 illustrate the construction of headers which I propose to employ, such headers being formed of wrought-iron. In this case a header or end piece, B, is provided for each water-tube C at front and rear, and is formed by drawing or welding a square tube of wrought-iron or steel, and closing the ends, and drilling or otherwise cutting out orifices for the water-tubes and other connections. The water-tubes in the example shown are disposed in rows vertically over each other. A number of such sections, B, are fitted at front and rear, and are connected to the steam and water drum by a water box, D, of the form hereinbefore described.

Each header or end piece may be made of such breadth as to embrace two vertical or staggered rows of tubes, in which case it may be strengthened by stays or stay-tubes ex panded at convenient points between the water-tubes. The orifices formed in the headers opposite to the water-tubes O for the purpose of inserting the mandrels for expanding such tubes may be covered in the usual manner with the ordinary cap, 0 or by caps with conical or tapered edges, as at c, fitting corresponding surfaces formed in the orifices, or, preferably, by means of short tubes 0', of special thickness expanded in the orifices and faced on the outer edge to form a bearing for the ordinary form of cap 0*.

In the case of boilers of small size, in which only a small number of transverse rows of tubes are employed, I connect the tubes 0 to a single header or end piece, B, at each end, such header or end piece being of one of the forms shown in Figs. 9 to 13, and being in breadth equal to the combined breadth of the multiple sections of the ordinary arrangement, or such as to admit of the direct connection to them of the entire transverse row of watertubes 0 of the boiler. I in this case directly connect the front header or end section, B, by short tubes b to the front dished end, A, of the steam and water drum A, the connecti ng-tubes being fitted near the top and at any convenient position within the breadth of the header. The rear header or end piece, B, -is connected to the corresponding end of the drum by means of a water-box, D, as in the modification described in reference to Figs. 1 to 5.

This improved form of header I make of cast-steel or malleable castiron, with ribs or partitions B serving to strengthen it and to divide it internally into vertical sections corresponding to the number of connectingtubes 12 communicating with the steam and water-drum A or with the Water-box. Such partitions are formed with openings to provide communication between the sections into which the header is divided.

In Fig. 14 the Wrought-iron or steel header described in reference to Figs. 7 and 8 is shown connected to a cast drum end.

It is obvious that the intermediate waterbox herein referred to may be connected to various forms of headers or drum ends. For instance, its connection with horizontal crossheaders would not change its function or purpose.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim. and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. A steam-generator composed of headers connected by a series of water-tubes, an elevated steam and water drum, and an intermediate water-box extending across said series of water-tubes, the respective parts connected and communicating by means of stay-tubes, as shown.

2. A header composed of cast steel, cast malleable iron, or similar material, having internal ribs or partitions dividing the same into communicating sections to accommodate the staggered position of the connected watertubes, said header being connected to a steamdrum direct or to an intermediate water-box, as described.

In testimony whereofI have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

CHARLES A. KNIGHT.

\Vitnesses:

JOHN SIME, THOMAS MGKEAN. 

